What Are Anxiety Disorders?

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焦虑症是严重的精神疾病,导致显着的担忧或恐惧不会消失,甚至可能会随着时间的推移而变得更糟。我们有时会感到焦虑,但随着焦虑症,焦虑往往是相当不变的,对一个人的生活质量产生非常消极和侵扰的影响。

焦虑症的类型

有几种类型的焦虑症包括:

第五版的第五版精神疾病诊断与统计手册(DSM-5)breaks anxiety disorders into three categories:

  • 焦虑症
  • Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
  • 创伤和压力源相关的疾病

这differentiation shows that while the disorders have a commonality and are related, they are distinctly different as well.

焦虑症症状

Anxiety disorders come with a whole host of symptoms and no one person has the same experience. Each disorder tends to have different symptoms as well.

一般焦虑障碍常见的症状包括:

  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Dizziness
  • Dry mouth
  • 紧张,恐慌,恐惧和不安的感觉
  • 肌肉紧绷
  • 恶心
  • Rapid or irregular heartbeat
  • 汗湿或冷的手和/或脚
  • Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
  • Unable to be calm or hold still

当您体验到熟悉的身体和心理迹象时恐惧和焦虑如出汗,赛车的心,呼吸急促,颤抖,忧虑或压力,这些都是发生的事情,可能是一种威胁,你需要处理它。

“飞行或战斗”反应activates the physical and psychological resources necessary to deal with the potential danger. Although this system works well most of the time, sometimes it can go into overdrive and do more harm than good. When this happens, it might indicate you have an anxiety disorder.

原因

No one knows exactly what causes anxiety disorders, although there seems to be a variety of factors, including genetics, environment, stress level, brain changes, and trauma. Researchers are discovering more about these links all the time.

数百万美国成年人将在生活中的某些时候体验焦虑症。由于妇女可能是男性的可能性是体验焦虑障碍的可能性是,因此专家建议在常规健康考试期间筛选13岁以上的妇女和女孩。

诊断

There are no lab tests that can be done in order to diagnose an anxiety disorder, though your doctor may perform some tests to rule out physical problems.您的医生可以将您的精神健康专业人员推荐,例如精神科医生,心理学家或万博手机客户端辅导员,他们将使用特定的诊断工具和问题,以帮助确定您可能有什么样的疾病。

Generalized Anxiety Disorder Discussion Guide

获取可打印指南,以帮助您在下一次医生预约时提出正确的问题。

Mind Doc Guide

治疗方法

焦虑障碍可以用各种选择治疗,包括psychotherapy药物那and应对策略。对焦虑症患者的一种特别有效的心理治疗形式是认知行为治疗(CBT)。如果你有焦虑症,有很多治疗选择可以帮助您充分实现您的生活。

请记住,治疗可能需要在您和您的医生发现最佳选择之前。要耐心,并与您的心理健康专业人士保持沟通,以弄清楚为您的个人需求量身定制的计划。万博手机客户端

如果您或亲人正在努力与焦虑症的症状斗争,请联系Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National Helpline1-800-662-4357for information on support and treatment facilities in your area.

For more mental health resources, see our国家助理数据库

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  1. Gregory KD,Chelmow D,Nelson HD等。Screening for anxiety in adolescent and adult women: A recommendation from the Women's Preventive Services Initiative安实习生。2020. DOI:10.7326 / m20-0580

  2. 克利夫兰诊所。Anxiety disorders: diagnosis and tests。Updated December 15, 2017.