当一个人周围的压力超过他们应对他们的能力时,我们称之为压力。我们真正的意思是distress,因为有两种压力:eustress, 或者有用的压力, anddistress, which is unhelpful and damaging stress. Without some stress, we would not have the motivation to win races, solve problems, take exams, and make important changes.
概述
压力是一种保护者,因为它给了我们一种处理威胁的机制。它促使我们面对威胁或避免他们 - 所谓的“fight or flight" mechanism. But stress, particularly long-term stress, can be a factor in the onset or worsening of ill health and a shortened lifespan.
男人可能并不总是擅长认识到压力in themselves, and stress is clearly an individual experience. What one man finds stressful, another will not. What can be stressful at one time may not cause stress during another time. And the signs and压力的症状也可以从人到人和年度到年份。
Measuring Stress
压力可以以不同的方式测量,但测试通常采用自我报告的形式,其中一个人的特定经验,事件或感受定义的规模。
也许这些最着名的是SRRS(社会重组评级规模),由美国精神科医生Thomas H. Holmes和Richard Rahe开发。SRRS列出了一些假定的生命事件,旨在受到压力,例如移动或配偶的死亡或其他亲人的死亡。
Holmes and Rahe assigned a numerical value to each of these events based on the intensity of the stress. The death of a spouse, for example, was rated the most stressful, at 100, whereas a minor violation of the law was assigned a value of 11.
Impact
Broadly speaking, stress can be experienced in two ways,physically and psychologically, but the two are interrelated. For example, research has shown that chronic stress can lead to decreased immune function.这包括增加感染风险,并降低对抗感染或修复组织的能力。
一项研究发现,压力不仅减缓了伤口愈合,它通常也导致了从伤害或手术中恢复的行为,例如重度酒精使用或差的自我护理。
身体症状
请记住,压力是个人经验,症状也是如此。疾病迹象should not be ignored仅仅因为你相信他们与压力有关。通过医生检查严重症状。
压力的一些潜在影响包括:
- 胸痛
- 冲击心脏
- 高血压
- 呼吸急促
- Fatigue
- 减少或增加性行动
- Muscle aches, such as back and neck pain
- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Clenched jaws and grinding teeth
- Tightness, dryness or a feeling of a having lump in your throat
- 消化不良
- 便秘或腹泻
- Increased perspiration
- Stomach cramps
- 体重增加或损失
- Skin problems
Psychological Symptoms
如果压力的这些影响是干扰您的日常生活,请咨询您的医生,了解如何找到救济。万博manbetx是正规公司吗压力管理对福祉至关重要,我们应该每天练习的东西。
- 悲伤
- 沮丧
- 哭
- 撤回或孤立
- 失眠
- 情绪波动
- 担心
- 不安焦虑
- 烦躁,愤怒或减少愤怒控制
- 暴饮暴食或厌食症
- Feelings of insecurity
- 减少生产力
- Job dissatisfaction
- Changes in close relationships
- 增加吸烟
- 增加了酒精和药物的使用