What Does BIPOC Mean?
随着人们努力教育自己的种族主义和种族司法,有一些新的术语和缩略语,即一些人可能不熟悉。BIPOC是一个缩写,因为2020年乔治弗洛伊德抗议警察野蛮和黑人生活的运动,这一点变得更加普遍。首字母缩略词BIPOC代表“黑色,土着和颜色的人民”,并是“买痘”的“买袋”,而不是单独说出每封信。
BIPOC首字母缩略词起源于“颜色的人民”一词,这本身就是从其种族主义历史中收回“彩色人民”这句话的“人一流”。BIPOC首字母缩写版本,同时也承认并非所有的颜色人都有相同的经验或处理相同类型的不公正。
每个字母意味着什么?
Blackrefers to people who often have African or Caribbean ancestry. In history, the classification of people based on their skin-color has existed for centuries. However, in reality, people who are racially classified as Black can have a number of ranging skin tones.
黑人美国人具有独特的历史,这些历史并不被其他国家的颜色分享。在美国历史上有许多名称,这些历史已经提到归类为黑色的文化团体;然而,今天没有使用许多人,其中一些被认为是非常令人反感的。
The addition of Black to the acronym highlights the specific forms of racism and oppression that Black Americans face.
土着
土着refers to groups native to the Americas who were here before the colonization by Europeans. This includes Native Americans, as well as Indigenous peoples from the Americas who have later immigrated to the U.S.
土着人民经历了官方政策和做法的歧视和虐待,以及对其文化和身份的擦除。
People of Color
People of color是指经常面临歧视的非白人的王室术语。非白人包括亚洲,中东,印度和太平洋岛屿遗产的人。
虽然这些群体往往包括在集体POC伞下,但重要的是要记住,所有这些人都有自己的文化历史,并且往往受到不同方式的偏见和歧视的影响。
BIPOC如何与POC相关?
Poc独立可以被视为一种抹去或最大限度地减少黑色和土着人民独特体验的一种方式。另一方面,BIPOC有助于促进更多地包含面临种族主义和虐待的人,因为他们的皮肤和文化的颜色。
首字母缩略词POC可以用来暗示所有颜色(亚洲,拉丁,黑,太平洋岛民和中东)的人都具有相同或相似的经验。它似乎也暗示来自非白人族裔的人是可互换的。
BIPOC旨在团结所有颜色的人,同时也承认了黑色和土着人群面临的独特压迫历史,系统性的种族主义和文化擦除。BIPOC是一种创造更大的认可和纳入这些边缘化群体的一种方式。
为什么重要
Acronyms such as BIPOC can play an important role in serving different identities in our society. The labeling of non-white people has a long, often discriminatory history. More recently in history, people have adopted terms intended to foster greater inclusivity and sensitivity, such as the phrase 'person of color' or 'people of color.'
虽然PoC已成为从世界各地的非白色背景的人们描述的一种有用方式,但有一种新兴的意识,需要包括更多人并承认某些群体往往被遗忘。例如,土着人民通常被排除在竞争问题的讨论之外。
通过包括黑色和土着土着,BIPOC首字母缩略词专门地解决了两组,这些组面临并继续面对普遍的歧视,种族主义和压迫。
研究表明,种族主义和隐性偏差可以具有广泛的破坏后果:
- 由于行为问题,黑人儿童,尤其是黑人男孩更有可能被挑选出来,使他们更有可能面对学校的驱逐。
- There is significant racial disparity in the treatment of Black defendants in legal proceedings. Black defendants are more likely to receive harsher and longer sentences than white defendants for the same or similar crimes. A report by the United States Sentencing Commission found that Black men receive sentences that are an average of 19.1% longer than those of white men.
- 研究发现,土着人员面临歧视和医疗保健的不平等,包括陈规定型,滥用治疗,缺乏进入和较低质量的护理。这种差异可能对健康和福祉产生重大损害。
- 研究发现,暴露于种族歧视对少数民族的心理健康产生负面影响。万博手机客户端它与心理困扰,焦虑,抑郁症的症状增加有关,创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。
According to The BIPOC Project, use of the term BIPOC is used “to highlight the unique relationship to whiteness that Indigenous and Black (African Americans) people have, which shapes the experiences of and relationship to white supremacy for all people of color within a U.S. context.”
用途
Terms like BIPOC can be useful for broad inclusivity when referring to social groups. It is important to keep in mind, however, that these groups are not homogeneous. The BIPOC acronym appreciates the shared experiences and collective power of communities of color but recognizes that these experiences are not always the same and that these communities have unique histories and cultures.
使用哪个术语
您如何知道何时使用BIPoC或者另一个术语可能更合适?
如果您正在谈论影响黑色和土着人民的问题,请使用BIPoC是合适的。
谈到单词选择时,尽可能具体。如果您指的是个人,并且知道该人的具体国籍,您应该通过它来提及他们。如果您正在谈论影响特定组的问题,则应具体地指代该组,而不是使用诸如BIPOC或PoC等伞术语。
什么时候不使用它
If you are referring to an individual or to an issue that affects a specific group of people, use a specific identifier and not a general acronym such as BIPOC.
例如:
- If you are referring to issues that affect the Black community specifically, say Black.
- If you are talking about something that affects Indigenous people specifically, say Indigenous people or refer to their specific tribe or nation.
不是每个人都同意使用BIPOC作为伞术语,建议使用这种类型的一般性主义者的集体方法如同广泛的术语下的许多身份抹去了种族主义影响不同种族的人的方式。
影响
Acronyms such as BIPOC are important because they are part of reclaiming discriminatory terms and removing their negative connotations. Historically, the term "colored people" was used as a way to “other” and discriminate against non-white people. The restructuring of that term as "people of color" places the emphasis on people first in order to make it more inclusive.
人的第一语言专注于将一个人放在标签之前。它通常在残疾和疾病的背景下使用,以避免有条件或残疾人的边缘化和脱储,但也可以以其他方式应用,包括讨论比赛。
有时人们可能会努力习惯于更新的术语,特别是当他们的态度被白色主导文化和系统的种族主义塑造时。如果您或您所知的人在努力了解为什么采用新的首字母缩略词和其他与种族和身份相关的术语,请记住语言总是不断发展。旧词偏离有利,新的含义占据了新含义。
So why is it so important to learn about and use acronyms like BIPOC even if they may eventually be changed or replaced? The use of such labels is an important part of inclusivity, particularly if you are not BIPOC. Acknowledging other people’s unique identities and experiences can help marginalized groups feel seen and heard, so it is a worthwhile task to learn new terminology and change how you refer to other people.
例如,老年人可能更有可能将黑人作为“非洲裔美国人”作为“非洲裔美国人”,因为他们可能先前得知该术语比其他标签更合适。重要的是要记住,虽然有些人可能更愿意被称为“非洲裔美国”,但其他人更喜欢“黑色”。这可能是因为许多人无法将其背景追溯到特定国家,或者因为他们觉得这个术语是“疏忽”黑人的另一种方式。
如果是似乎太多的努力或太难学习,请记住,非白人必须定期调整他们的外表和行动,以便在几代人中容纳白人空间,这是一种称为代码切换的现象。
值得努力帮助人们知道他们的身份被承认,尊重和重视。
语言被我们个人和社会的观点塑造,但必须记住我们的观点也可以受到我们选择使用的单词的影响。考虑如何使用语言来压迫并歧视至关重要。一旦偏见或种族主义的单词和短语进入主流,使用这些术语通常不会被淘汰或遗忘歧视性起源。
单独改变术语不会改变维护白人至上的系统或文化,而是使您的语言中更加包容的有意识的努力可以帮助为一个更加接受多样性和支持种族司法的世界提供贡献。
误标记的影响
Terms and acronyms that refer to a person’s race are an important part of identity. Racial mislabeling can happen by mistake, but it can also be weaponized to inflict emotional harm. For example, mislabeling can be wielded to intentionally deny or invalidate someone’s racial identity.
错误标签可以被定义为一个人,其中一个人将另一个人的种族描述为不同的人与众不同的东西。
如果你弄错了,该怎么办
Mislabeling someone can be hurtful, but there are things that you can do to address it and make amends.
- 道歉。不要防守,琐碎,笑话或找借口。说你很抱歉。
- 感谢对方纠正你的错误。如果有人需要时间纠正你,表达你的感激之情。
- 承诺在将来做得更好。做你需要做的事情,以确保你再也没有发挥同样的错误。
- Educate yourself. Use the Internet—Google is your friend. Read books about race and identity. Work to raise your awareness of issues surrounding race, white supremacy, and racism. Don’t expect others to do the work for you. People are not obligated to take time out of their lives to teach you about their experiences. Instead, seek out information created by BIPOC organizations, educators, writers, and artists to learn more.
资源
有很多方法可以进一步教育自己的种族主义,了解有关如何促进包容性和支持抗拉范主义的更多信息。
图书
- 如何成为防空袭者由Ibram X. Kendi博士
- 我和白色至上by Layla F. Saad
- So You Want to Talk About Race由Ijeoma Oluo.
- The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration In The Age of Colorblindnessby Michelle Alexander