激励面试作为成瘾治疗

Motivational Interviewing is a therapeutic technique for helping people make changes in their lives, which has been applied effectively to the treatment ofaddictions.

励志面试的精神是基于三个关键概念：collaboration在治疗师和瘾的人之间，而不是由治疗师对抗;绘制出the individual's ideas, rather the therapist imposing their ideas; and自治of the person with the addiction, rather than the therapist having authority over them.

Collaboration vs Confrontation

Collaboration is the partnership that is formed between the therapist and the person with the addiction. This partnership is based on the point of view and experiences of the person with the addiction.

这种对比与成瘾治疗的一些其他方法形成鲜明对比，这是基于对瘾人的治疗师，并强调他们对这个人的上瘾行为的观点。

This does not mean that the therapist automatically agrees with the person with the addiction. Although the person with the addiction and their therapist may see things differently, the therapeutic process is focused on mutual understanding, not the therapist being right and the person with the addiction being wrong.

Drawing Out Rather Than Imposing Ideas

治疗师的方法绘制了个人自己的想法，而不是治疗师强加他们的意见是基于激励或愿望，改变来自瘾的人，而不是来自治疗师。无论治疗师是否希望这个人改变他们的行为，它只会发生这种个人也想要改变他们的行为。因此，治疗师的工作是“提出”这个人的真实动机和改变技能，而不是告诉那个人瘾的人该怎么办。

自主与权威

Unlike some other treatment models that emphasize the doctor or the therapist as an authority figure, Motivational Interviewing recognizes that the true power for making changes rests within the person with the addiction, not within the therapist. Ultimately, it is up to the individual to follow through with making changes happen. This is empowering to the individual, but also gives them responsibility for their actions.

激励面试中发生变化如何

Four guiding principles form the basis of the Motivational Interviewing approach. Although each person's process of overcoming an addiction will be different, the therapist will hold true to these principles throughout each individual's process. These principles are vital to establishing trust within the therapeutic relationship.

同情和接受

上瘾的人往往不愿意进入治疗，因为他们不相信治疗师，毕竟是努力结束人民的成瘾，就会理解为什么上瘾的行为对他们来说意义重大。许多人，特别是那些与别人批评他们行为的人，相信他们会被评判，一些甚至对他们的行为感到内疚，感觉判断会有效。但判断根本不是励志的面试。

治疗师来说，而不是判断成瘾者的人，侧重于理解上瘾人的观点。这被称为“同理心”。同理心并不意味着治疗师同意这个人，但他们理解，个人的行为对他们有意义（或在行为的情况下进行）。这造成了验收的氛围。

帮助人们下定决心

励志面试认识到患有上瘾的人通常是ambivalentand uncertain about whether or not they want to change. Their addiction has probably already had consequences for them, which have brought them into treatment. Yet they have developed their addiction as a way of coping with life, and they do not necessarily like the idea of giving that up.

Motivational Interviewing helps people to make up their minds about how to move forward through thestages of change，通过帮助个人来看看不同选择和行动的优缺点。因此，在不施加人的情况下，可以在这种信任，协作气氛中制定目标和行动，这是基于个人自己的需求，愿望，目标，价值观和优势。

开发新的理解

Motivational Interviewing as an approach recognizes that change does not always happen easily or just because the individual wants it. It is natural for the person to change their mind many times about whether they want to give up their addiction, and what that process, and their new lifestyle, will look like.

治疗师而不是挑战，而不是挑战，反对或批评人，而且对个人有助于个人对自己的新理解以及他们的成瘾意味着什么。他们通过重新构成并提供不同的改变过程中出现的情况的不同解释，通常会增加该人的变革的动机。所有这一切都是基于个人自己的目标和价值观，这些目标已经被探索。

Being Supportive

The therapist will always support the person's belief in their own power to make the changes they want. In the beginning, the therapist may have more confidence in the individual that they have themselves, but this changes with ongoing support.