物质/药物诱导的睡眠障碍

Substance or medication-induced sleep disorder is the official diagnostic name for insomnia and other sleep problems which are caused by the use of alcohol, drugs, or taking certain medications. Roughly translated, that means that one of the effects of drinking alcohol, using a drug, or taking a medication, is having a problem with getting to sleep at the time you want to sleep, staying asleep at the time you want to sleep, excessive sleepiness during the day, or unusual behaviors when you do sleep.

物质或药物诱导的睡眠障碍也与临时失眠或疲惫的含量不同，常常会影响酒精或吸毒后的人，这是对物质的正常反应，或使用酒精或药物的人的活动，如留住的人晚些时候比你平常的睡前或在使用酒精或药物（如跳舞）时参与累人活动。与对酒精或药物的正常反应相比，物质/药物诱导的睡眠疾病更明显干扰睡眠，负面影响持续得多。

Which Drugs Cause Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder?

A wide variety of psychoactive substances can cause substance-induced sleep disorder, including:

• Alcohol
• 咖啡因
• 大麻
• Opioids
• Sedatives
• Hypnotics
• Anxiolytics
• Amphetamines
• 可卡因
• 烟草
• 其他物质或兴奋剂

已知药物造成物质/药物诱导的睡眠障碍包括：

• Adrenergic agonist or antagonists
• 多巴胺激动剂或拮抗剂
• 胆碱能激动剂或拮抗剂
• Serotonergic激动剂或拮抗剂
• 抗组胺药
• 皮质类固醇

物质使用的慢性循环和睡眠问题

许多人发现酒精和其他一些药物有放松的效果，并且至少在开始时，饮料，关节或冬季的冬季或鸦片剂可以帮助他们睡觉。其他人发现咖啡因或其他兴奋剂可以帮助他们在需要保持警惕时长时间保持清醒，但否则会困倦。

对于定期喝酒或服用娱乐药物或药物的一些人来说，慢性循环可以发展，饮用或服用药物或药物以试图放松和放松或睡觉或保持睡眠或相反，以保持清醒在长期班次或夜间派对期间。该药物干扰了身体的激活和放松的自然过程，使得睡眠难以入睡。然后，该人更有可能再次使用物质，以帮助睡眠，可能需要更多的药物生效宽容develops.

但是，这一直不起作用。虽然酒精和其他休闲药物可能会帮助您最初睡眠，但睡眠不是恢复或宁静，而且可能会感到惊讶地在夜间经历了清醒。这通常是在醒来时间内的失眠，疲劳，疲劳和无法控制的疲倦和困倦感。沮丧，许多经历这些问题的人经常转向咖啡因和其他兴奋剂来打击白天疲劳，这反过来又使得在睡前睡着了。

物质/药物诱导的睡眠障碍类型

物质诱导睡眠障碍有四种主要类型：

• 失眠类型：随着失眠的睡眠障碍，你可能难以睡觉或睡着了，夜间醒来，或者没有感到沉睡。
• 白天嗜睡类型：With the daytime sleepiness type of sleep disorder, the person feels excessively sleepy or tired during the daytime, or, less often, sleeps for a very long time, perhaps longer than they wanted or intended to.
• Parasomnia类型：随着Parasomnia类型的睡眠障碍，您可以在睡眠期间体验异常行为，其中大多数人在床上睡着时大多数人仍然和安静（除了可能的打鼾除外）。
• 混合类型：随着睡眠障碍的混合类型，受影响的人有几种不同的睡眠症状，但没有特别的症状占主导地位。例如，他们可能在夜间失眠，例如白天睡觉。

服用药物后多久才能诱导睡眠障碍？

In some cases, a sleep disorder can be induced almost immediately after taking a drug or medication. According to diagnostic guidelines for physicians and other healthcare professionals who assess sleep disorders, there is even a category "with onset during intoxication," which means that the sleep disturbance actually begins when the individual was under the influence of alcohol, a recreational drug, or medication.

它也可能发生在期间withdrawal。睡眠问题是一种非常常见的戒断症状，​​与其他戒断症状一样，通常在停止酒精，药物或药物的日期或几周内自行解决。所以需要时间来确定睡眠问题是否只是一种退出的症状，如果该人的睡眠在停止服用药物的几天或几周内，那么如果该人的睡眠改善。

相比之下，随着物质诱导的睡眠障碍，睡眠问题可以在退出期间开始，随着人员通过排毒过程，并进入恢复后阶段，继续或变得更糟。有时，睡眠问题是较大的长期戒断症状集群的一部分，称为后急性戒断综合征（爪子）。

如果您在使用酒精，毒品或药物之前有睡眠问题，怎么办？

When physicians or other healthcare professional give a diagnosis of substance/medication-induced sleep disorder, they check to make sure that the sleep problem wasn't there before the use of alcohol, drugs, or medications thought to be responsible. This is because there are different types of sleep problems, and if the symptoms were there before the substance use, it isn't the substance or medication-induced type of sleep disorder.

一般来说，物质/药物诱导的睡眠障碍的诊断尚未给出患有没有物质使用的睡眠问题历史的人，或者如果症状在从酒精，毒品或毒品中释放出来的症状后持续超过一个月药物。这并不意味着他们的睡眠问题不是真实的或严重的;它只是意味着它们不被认为是由物质使用引起的。如前所述，存在许多不同的睡眠障碍原因，除了减少或消除与干扰正常睡眠模式的副作用的含酒精，药物或药物之外，大多数可以通过生活方式改变。

对生活的痛苦或影响

最后，为了给予物质/药物诱导的睡眠障碍的诊断，睡眠问题具有某种重大影响，即通过造成大量痛苦或损害某些方面的危险他们的生活。这可以包括从他们的社会生活到他们的就业情况的任何东西，或者他们生命中的另一部分对他们来说很重要。

变得了解你的睡眠问题

意识到物质或药物诱导的睡眠障碍可能需要数月甚至可能。由于药物倾向于影响警觉性和放松的感觉，人们希望他们的睡眠受到一定程度的影响并预测后来的反弹效果。然后，它看起来只有一系列糟糕的夜晚，而不是一系列不仅仅是自己的疾病。

The irony of substance-induced sleep disorder is that many people affected by it drink, take drugs, or use medications to try and get to sleep, yet those same drugs actually interfere with getting a good night's sleep afterward. For this reason, people often don't realize that it is alcohol, drugs or medications that are causing the sleep problems, because they associate those substances with inducing sleep.

Sleep problems can have many different causes, ranging from stress to the normal effects of aging. Therefore, physicians might not realize the true nature of the problem, because many people arenot open with their physicianabout alcohol or drug use, due to stigma and fear of being judged. They may also lie about how much of a prescription medication or over the counter medication they are using, for fear of being cut off from their supply of medication. People who do admit to alcohol and drug use will also often underestimate or under-report the amount of alcohol or drugs they are using. All of these factors make it quite common for people to not get the right diagnosis of substance/medication-induced sleep disorder.

A Word From Verywell

一旦你意识到你的睡眠问题并且导致它的原因，就可以获得专业的帮助来管理过渡到健康的睡眠模式。与您的医生讨论被提交给成瘾医学或睡眠专家。如果您使用的是酒精，阿片类药物，甲基或苯并二氮卓类药物，在提取过程中得到适当的医疗支持是很重要的。这不仅会使它更舒适，症状较少，但这些物质可能导致严重的戒断症状，​​如癫痫发作或精神病，没有医疗监督。

Once you have discontinued the drug that caused your sleep problems, your sleep patterns will take time to return to normal. Be patient. The best ways to support this process are:

• 设置和粘在定期睡眠和醒来时
• 在白天常规运动
• 早上出门，有助于重置你的“身体时钟”
• 避免压力
• 良好的营养，不睡觉过于饥饿或满满