Personal Construct Theory Overview

Personal construct theory suggests that people develop personal constructs about how the world works. People then use these constructs to make sense of their observations and experiences.

我们所居住的世界对我们所有人都一样，但我们经历的方式对于每个人来说都是不同的。例如，想象一下，你和你的朋友在公园散步，你发现一只大棕色狗。你立即看到你想要宠物的优雅和可爱的动物。

Your friend, on the other hand, sees a threatening animal that she wants to avoid. How can two people have such a different interpretation of the same event?

According to psychologist George Kelly, personality is composed of the various mental constructs through which each person views reality. Kelly believed that each person was much like a scientist. Just like scientists, we want to understand the world around us, make predictions about what will happen next, and create theories to explain events.

个人建设理论如何运作

Kelly believed that we start by first developing a set of personal constructs, which are essentially mental representations that we use to interpret events. These constructs are based on our experiences and observations.

During the early 1950s, thebehavioraland精神分析perspectives were still quite dominant in万博maxbetx官网登陆。Kelly提出了他的个人建设理论作为偏离这两个突出观点的替代观点。

而不是将人类视为处于协会狂奔的被动主题，而不是被动主体，加强, and惩罚they encountered in their environments (behaviorism) or their unconscious wishes and childhood experiences (psychoanalysis), Kelly believed that people take an active role in how they collect and interpret knowledge.

“行为不是心理学家问题的答案;这是问题，“他建议。

是什么让这些构造如此重要？因为根据凯利，我们通过我们构建的“镜头”体验世界。这些构建体用于预测和预测事件，反过来决定了我们的行为，感受和思想。

凯利还认为，发生的所有事件都对多种解释开放，他被称为建设性的交替主义。当我们正试图了解活动或情况时，他建议我们也能够选择并选择我们想要使用的建筑。这有时会发生在一个事件展开的情况下，但我们也可以反思我们的经历，然后选择以不同的方式查看它们。

How We Use Constructs

Kelly believed that the process of using constructs works in much the same way that a scientist utilizes a theory. First, we begin by hypothesizing that a particular construct will apply to a particular event.

然后，我们通过应用构建和预测结果来测试这个假设。如果我们的预测是正确的，那么我们知道构建体在这种情况下很有用，我们保留了未来使用。

但如果我们的预测没有成真，会发生什么？我们可能重新考虑我们应用构建的方式以及当我们可能会改变构建，或者我们可能决定完全放弃构造。

复发在个人建设理论中发挥着重要作用。建筑物出现，因为他们反映了经常经验经常复发的事情。凯利还认为，构建体倾向于以等级方式组织。例如，更多基本结构可能位于层次结构的基础，而可以在更高的级别找到更复杂和抽象的构造谎言。

一个人适用于事件的一侧被称为紧急杆。没有积极应用的一侧是隐式杆。

必须记住重点是个人建设理论中的个性。构造本质上是个人的，因为它们是基于每个人的生活经历。每个人的构建体系都是独一无二的，这是这些经验的个性性质，形成了人与人之间的差异。

观察

“可能不是个别人，每个人都以自己的个人方式，承担更多的科学家的身材，曾经寻求预测和控制他所涉及的事件的过程？他没有理论，测试他的假设，并权衡他的实验证据？如果是的话，不同人的个人观点之间的差异可能与不同科学家的理论观点之间的差异相对应？“（凯利，1963年）

"Kelly believed that people have a fundamental need to predict the events that they experience. They do so by developing a system of personal constructs, which they use to interpret or construe new events. Constructs are derived from recurring elements in one's experience, but because they're developed separately by each person, each person's system of constructs is unique." (Carver & Scheier, 2000)