边缘人格障碍的迹象和症状

如果你担心你或亲人可能有边缘人格障碍（BPD），重要的是要了解疾病及其症状。虽然不容易识别出BPD的一些症状，但其他人与可观察的行为有关。

边界人格障碍症状包括不稳定interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotion, as well as a pattern of impulsive behaviors. People with BPD often first experience these symptoms in young adulthood and the symptoms tend to continue for many years. BPD may occur in both men and women. The following signs and symptoms may indicate a need to be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

害怕遗弃

People with BPD tend to have difficulties in their relationships. In particular, people with BPD can be very sensitive to abandonment. They may believe they are being left by someone when that is not actually the case at all.

由于遗弃恐惧可能是如此强大和普遍存在，因此BPD的人通常会从事行为意味着提供另一个人仍在关心他们的保证。例如，他们可以反复呼吁某人要求确认这种关系仍然完整，或者在他们试图离开时对他人身体上隐藏。

不幸的是，这种情况可以是双刃剑。一个人寻求保证他们与另一个人的关系是“安全”，他们就越有可能推动那个人，破坏自己的过程。

不稳定的关系

BPD.is often associated with patterns of very unstable and intense interpersonal relationships.一种模式在理想化和贬值之间交替in relationships is common, a process referred to as "分裂。“

与具有BPD感觉强烈连接和正面的人的人员可以从理想化阶段开始，并且希望与这个人花很多时间。然而，当贬值阶段出现时，BPD的人可能会将另一个人视为无价值，意思或漠不关心，并且可能试图与他们的距离。

In addition, a relationship with someone with BPD is commonly characterized by lots of conflicts, ups and downs, mistrust, neediness, and frequent arguments. In fact, a person with BPD often feels disappointment in or even hatred towards loved ones. They also have difficulty recognizing the feelings of others or empathizing with others.

身份损害

The same instability in relationships can also apply to self-image or sense of self. A person with BPD may seem to believe that they are successful one moment, but the next may be extremely self-denigrating or hard on themselves. Their自我感觉也可能是不稳定的，这可能导致他们在不同的背景或社会群体中表现不同。

此外，有BPD的人可能会感到不存在或不确定他们的身份或作用。他们可能觉得他们不知道他们真的是一个人，或者他们相信什么。

冲动

许多人展出了BPD的风险，冲动的行为， 如：

• 消费斯普里斯
• 有淫乱的性行为
• 鲁莽地驾驶
• 滥用药物或酒精
• 暴饮暴食
• Breaking the law (e.g., shoplifting)

反过来，这些冲动的行为往往导致关系，身体健康或或legal issues。

自残or Suicide Behaviors

有些人携带BPD可能会从事自我伤害的行为，有些人制造自杀手势或尝试。这些实际上是separate问题;自我伤害行为是不是试图自杀。自我伤害行为（自残) are attempts to get rid of emotional pain or intensely uncomfortable feelings.

当其他人存在时，自我伤害的人很少这样做。相反，您可能会看到自我伤害的迹象，包括切割，燃烧或其他形式的自我伤害的疤痕或伤口。

BPD的人也可能威胁自杀and may make suicide attempts. Such threats or attempts should be taken非常严重地。它认为，大约70％的患有边缘人格障碍的人将在生命期间至少进行一次自杀企图，并且近10％的人与BPD的近10％，该企图将成功。

Emotional Instability

People with BPD tend to have intense and frequent mood changes that usually occur in response to something happening in the environment. A person with BPD may go from seemingly content to feeling upset in a matter of minutes or even seconds. They may also experience intense negative feelings in reaction to day-to-day situations and/or intense sadness or irritability that can last for hours.

空虚的感觉

具有BPD的人经常感受到慢性空虚感，就像没有内部或者他们在情感上死亡。这种感觉，生命的价值很少，可能导致情感戏剧的行为（如歇斯底里，肆虐，更多），以通过危机引起注意。

对于所爱的人来说，了解这些行为的起源是很重要的。常见的反应通常有助于增加与BPD的人的这些感受。

激烈的愤怒和侵略性行为

与BPD的人往往会感到比局势权力强的愤怒。有些人拥有BPD体验愤怒他们很少或从不表达。其他人公开表达愤怒，有时以物理侵略的形式。愤怒的行为，从讽刺的评论到对抗其他人的讽刺意志，是BPD的常见标志。

Stress-Related Dissociative States

大约75％至80％的BPD体验患者有效的关联的分歧状态，包括脱赤化，致命，镇痛和情绪麻木。这些分离症状与BPD患者患者的差治疗结果有关，部分原因是它们对情绪学习和记忆的影响。

If You Are Concerned About Yourself

受过BPD受过教育的人明白，像重复的电话一样令人讨厌的行为是你试图应对害怕放弃。从看到一个人来说，鄙视他们可能让朋友们迷茫，但它是一种保护机制，你的思想制定试图让你受到伤害。

寻找一个好的治疗师可以让生活与这种情况有关的人。当你认识到他们是什么时，现在可以通过更容易地应对困难的许多问题。一个好的治疗师可以帮助您发现您的触发器并帮助您开发healthy coping skills。

除了看治疗师，精神科医生也有助于使用药物管理解决症状。此外，辩证行为治疗后有各种社区和住宅型治疗程序，其特异性针对BPD。

如果您关注家庭成员或朋友

If you are wondering whether a friend or family member may have BPD, keep in mind that help is available. That said, if you have watched your friend value and then devalue other friends, you may be wondering when it will be your turn. You may be worried that if you open your mouth, you will be the next one to be "devalued" and labeled the black sheep.

Take a moment to learn about how to cope when a loved one with BPD is "splitting."Family therapycan be very helpful. The important point to make is that BPD can affect anyone involved, and it's important to care for yourself as well as your loved one.

A Word From Verywell

重要的是要记住，许多人可能会遇到上述一些症状。然而，有BPD的人每天或几乎每天都经历几个这些症状。此外，BPD人员跨越不同背景体验这些症状。例如，它们将在许多关系中经历不稳定，而不仅仅是一个或两个甚至三个。

If you think you may have BPD, it is important to查看持牌心理健康专业万博手机客户端谁可以倾听你的疑虑和make an accurate diagnosis。治疗with a good mental health professional can help both people living with BPD and their family and friends manage the symptoms and the underlying basis of the condition.