了解肥胖和社会耻辱

It is well known that obesity is associated with a myriad of health consequences including type 2 diabetes, several forms of cancer, and obstructive sleep apnea. The prevalence of obesity is responsible for the prediction by health experts that, for the first time in history, the average life span of Americans could be trending downward.

有肥胖的人不太可能结婚，通常在与权衡较少的同龄人相比时甚至在医疗保健环境中获得歧视。在发达国家，肥胖与社会经济地位之间存在反比关系。换句话说，那些肥胖的人更有可能面临社会经济障碍。

Obesity and Mental Health

高达60％的人被归类为肥胖的精神疾病，如抑郁症。这大于一般人群中看到的抑郁症的百分比。

更具体地，具有肥胖的人更有可能符合标准暴饮暴食症, night eating syndrome, and emotional eating. Obesity also increases the likelihood of depression by five times compared to average-weight persons. Anxiety, particularly social anxiety, occurs in 9% of those seeking treatment for obesity.

These conditions tend to be significantly more common among women with obesity. This is likely due to the societal emphasis on thinness and physical appearance for women in many cultures. Women with obesity are more likely to endorse suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide compared to those of normal weight.

与体重相关的歧视，欺凌和微不足道与这些不良心理健康结果有关。万博手机客户端报告偏见和不公平待遇的个人经验的个人带来了最大的抑郁症，焦虑和低自尊的风险。

Furthermore, there is evidence that the chronic burden of living in a culture that rejects the overweight body type is associated with an increase in the stress and inflammation hormone known ascortisol。这是高于和超出过量重量的已知代谢效果。

换句话说,有一个已知infla增加mmation associated with being obese. Then on top of that, the emotional burden of obesity increases inflammation and cortisol levels.

Weight-Related Stigma

Ironically, there is evidence that as the prevalence of overweight and obesity rise, bias and prejudice against people with obesity also increases. Weight-related stigma in the U.S. is well-documented.

Weight-related campaigns that emphasize personal responsibility can also actually alienate their target audience. They may have the reverse psychological effect of increasing behaviors that contribute to obesity, such as binge eating and exercise avoidance.

几项研究表明，即使儿童也会感知体重过剩，因为懒惰，没有吸引力，疏忽或缺乏自我控制。Some obese individuals may internalize these ideas and self-stigmatize. Absorbing this negative messaging from media or the social environment can have a detrimental effect on self-esteem and self-efficacy.

此外，这可以导致额外的重量增益和减轻减轻随时间的减重。虽然对肥胖偏见的影响的这种特定方面的检查相对较新，但普遍认为重量偏差不利地影响健康和心理福祉。

肥胖之间可能更普遍的相关健康风险可能导致对该人口的负面看法。反过来，这可以促进肥胖的人们过度负担医疗保健系统。

许多肥胖的个人报告遇到家庭，同龄人，同事甚至陌生人的贬损意见和偏见。虽然重量歧视有很好的记录，但实际上没有保护肥胖的法律，公众或机构政策。

Obesity Stigma Among Children

超重是儿童和青少年面临的最常见的健康问题。通常，在成人年之前，不会出现重量的众所周知的后果。然而，肥胖的负面社会和情感辐射可以立即和大幅上。

Overweight Children Are Seen as Less Popular

六年的孩子们使用负面和贬义的术语描述肥胖的人。在一项研究中，一群学生（从第7岁到12年级）被要求根据偏好“提名”朋友。结果表明，发现超重青年比同龄人显着不那么受欢迎。

These findings were most evident among non-Hispanic, White women, which is a finding that holds true across multiple surveys looking at this issue.

Weight Bias in Healthcare

存在某些医疗程序，这些医疗程序在具有较高的体重指数（BMI）的那些中，例如生育治疗或整形前述程序。虽然这可能是基于该群入中程序的感知风险或成功率，但已知有助于健康下降，疾病恶化，并完全避免医疗保健系统。

covid-19和重量偏见

研究表明，肥胖的个人可能会遇到更大的科迪德相关的焦虑，因为很高兴对病毒易感性和体重之间的关系。然而，大流行时代的重量也可能也是一个贡献因素。

大多数人，高达59％的人，他们住在具有检疫授权的地区报告的重量。在此期间，少数少于20％的重量损失。

在一项调查中，虽然参与者的28％报告了大流行期间的体重增加，65％的人报告了对其体重和形状的焦虑增加。还可能还有关于个体大流行重量的偏见。

这成为新闻和社交媒体的突出讨论，作为“隔离-15”趋势等主题。对体重增加的逮捕和恐惧可能已经促进了肥胖歧视。

那些报告与其体重相关的贫困治疗前的大流行病经历的经历比其同龄人在检疫期间与对同龄人啮合的同龄人更可能是2.4倍。

如何减少肥胖耻辱

不幸的是，迄今为止提出的成功耻辱策略已经非常少。仍然尚不清楚哪些干预措施将有效地减少与肥胖的体重相关的偏差和个体的差异疗法。

例如，有些人提议改变对工作场所耻辱的公共政策和立法会有所帮助，并且肥胖的人应对歧视法律保护。