社会心理学概述万博maxbetx官网登陆

我们的态度是什么形状的？为什么有些人这样的伟大领袖？偏见如何发展，我们如何克服它？这些只是兴趣的一些问题社会心理学万博maxbetx官网登陆。Social psychologists解决问题that can have a significant impact on individual health and well-being, from understanding bullying behavior to analyzing why people sometimesfail to help有需要的个人。

什么是社会心理学？万博maxbetx官网登陆

According to psychologist戈登Allport.，社会心理学用途万博maxbetx官网登陆scientific methods"to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied the presence of other human beings."基本上，社会心理学就是了解每个人的个人行为是万博maxbetx官网登陆如何受到这种行为发生的社会环境的影响。

您可能已经意识到其他人可以对您的行为和您所做的选择具有戏剧性的影响。如果房间里有其他人，他们会考虑如何在某种情况下表现出境。

您所做的决定以及您展出的行为可能取决于有多少人存在，而是完全是谁。例如，当您在一群亲密的朋友身边时，您可能会表现得比你周围的朋友，而不是从工作中的一群同事或主管。

社会心理学万博maxbetx官网登陆encompasses a wide range of social topics, including:

• 小组行为
• Social perception
• 领导
• 非语言行为
• Conformity
• Aggression
• Prejudice

重要的是要注意社会心理学不仅仅是关于看社会影响。万博maxbetx官网登陆Social perception和社会互动对理解社会行为也至关重要。

我们的方式看到其他人（以及我们认为他们看到我们的方式）可以在各种各样的行动和决策中发挥强大作用。只是想想你有时如何在公共场所行动，如果你自己在家里，你就会比你在一起。在家里，你可能是大声和rambuntious，而在公开场合，你可能会更柔和和保留。

为什么是这样？因为我们周围的人们塑造了我们的思想，感受，情绪，态度和看法。其他人的存在可以在我们所做的选择和我们采取的行动中产生差异。

虽然社会心理学往往是一个学万博maxbetx官网登陆术领域，但社会心理学家对我们对精神健康和福祉的理解有了强大的影响。万博手机客户端例如，research关于符合性有助于解释为什么青少年有时会转向如此巨大的长度，以适应他们的社会团体 - 有时会损害自己的健康和健康。

理解这有助于心理学家为青少年制定公共卫生计划和治疗方法。这些可以帮助青少年抵抗潜在的有害行为，如吸烟，饮酒和物质使用。

History of Social Psychology

Plato referred to the idea of the "crowd mind," and concepts such as社交卫生间在19世纪后期介绍了社会便利化。但直到第二次世界大战直到社会心理学的研究才开始认真。万博maxbetx官网登陆

大屠杀的恐怖领导的研究人员研究了社会影响力，一致性, and obedience. What could explain why people participated in such evil actions? Were people following orders and bowing to social pressure, or were there some other forces at work? By investigating these questions, social psychologists were able to gain a greater understanding of the power of societal forces such as authority,合规性, and obedience.

Social psychologist Stanley Milgram, for example, was able to demonstrate just how far people are willing to go to obey authority figures. In a series of nowinfamous experiments，Milgram和他的同事命令学习参与者提供他们认为对他人的潜在危险的震惊。

In reality, the shocks were not real and the other individual was only pretending to be hurt by the electrical pulses. But 65% of those who took part in the study delivered the maximum level of shock simply because an authority figure told them to do so.

社会心理学如何与其他学万博maxbetx官网登陆科不同

社会心理学万博maxbetx官网登陆is often confused with folk wisdom,人格心理学万博maxbetx官网登陆和社会学。与民间智慧不同，依赖于轶事观察和主观解释，社会心理学采用科学方法和实证研究。万博maxbetx官网登陆研究人员不会假设人们如何表现;它们设计并执行实验，帮助指出不同变量之间的关系。

Personality psychology focuses on individual traits, characteristics, and thoughts. Social psychology is focused on situations. Social psychologists are interested in the impact that the social environment and group interactions have on态度和行为。

Finally, it is important to distinguish between social psychology and sociology. While there are many similarities between the two, sociology tends to look at social behavior and influences at a very broad-based level. Sociologists are interested in the institutions and cultures that influence how people behave.

Psychologists instead focus on situational variables that affect social behavior. While psychology and sociology both study similar topics, they are looking at these questions from different perspectives.

A Word From Verywell

What makes social psychology such an important topic? Social psychologists focus on societal concerns that have a powerful influence on individual well-being as well as the health of society as a whole, including problems such as substance use, crime, prejudice, domestic abuse, public health, bullying, and aggression.

社会心理学家通常不直接在心理健康领域工作，但他们的研究结果会影响精神卫生专业人员如何治疗受社会因素影响的行为。万博手机客户端例如，公共卫生计划经常依赖说服技巧identified by social psychologists to encourage people to engage in healthy behaviors while avoiding potentially dangerous ones.