电子烟可以帮助您戒烟，但携带自己的风险

A research review published inCochrane评论已更新了2020年的调查结果和结论。In previous research from 2014, some evidence suggested e-cigarettes may be more effective as a tobacco cessation method than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). In the update, researchers now caution that e-cigs come with their own risks and are not a "safer smoking" option.

The update examines 50 studies (35 of which are new) representing 12,430 participants. Researchers found e-cigarettes had a moderate edge over NRT in some studies, but many findings were imprecise. That means unlike the smaller, original review, the update found insufficient evidence to conclude that e-cigarettes are significantly better for quitting than other methods like NRT and behavioral support.

添加到那样，电子卷烟并非没有担忧。因为他们只在市场上相对较短的时间，但他们的长期效果尚不清楚。但是肺部伤害和与E-CIG使用相关的心脏问题存在迹象。

最近的发现

在研究审查中，研究人员看着那些阻止吸烟至少六个月的人，而E-CIGS似乎具有优势，因此根据研究共同作者，这是不可能的Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, PhD，牛津纳菲尔德初级保健科学大学诺福尔德大学的循证医疗保健总监。

For every 100 people using e-cigs to stop smoking, 10 were able to do so successfully, compared to six out of 100 for NRT. Cold turkey had the lowest efficacy, but still worked for some, with four out of 100 able to quit for at least six months.

Hartmann-Boyce表示，尚不确定的是电子卷烟的不需要效果的普遍性。她指出，这些可以包括：

• Throat or mouth irritation
• Headache
• Persistent cough
• 感到恶心

“尼古丁电子香烟可能会帮助人们戒烟至少六个月，”她说。“然而，我们需要更多，可靠的证据来对E-unicetes的影响，特别是具有更好的尼古丁交付的E-卷烟的影响。”

vHealth Risks

More research needs to be done on vaping, but what has come out in the last couple of years is not pointing toward vaping as a safe alternative.

截至2020年2月，疾病控制和预防中心已确认68例肺损伤与呕吐有关的死亡。

While e-cigarettes确实含有更少的有毒化学品比常规烟草香烟，它们仍然含有尼古丁，这与肺和心脏问题有关。

在发表的一项主要研究中American Journal of Preventive Medicine评估70万个参与者的健康和吸烟习惯，电子卷烟用途与75％较高的几率有关：

• Chronic bronchitis
• 气肿
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

戒烟问题

Not everyone who vapes is doing so as a way to refrain from smoking, and some choose to use both e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes regularly. Also, for some, vaping might be a first step toward smoking addiction instead of away from it.

研究函JAMA2014年至2018年在2014年至2018年期间，在2014年至2018年期间发现了e-un卷烟的流行发现，年轻人的使用量显着增加，包括从未吸烟的人。

“也许Vaping的最大问题是所谓的网关效果，”Michael Blaha，MD, a professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins. "Our literature suggests that two million young adults use electronic cigarettes as their first nicotine-based product. They're not trying to quit smoking."

他补充说，任何形式的尼古丁都是非常令人上瘾的。通过鼓励Vaping使用而不是吸烟，Blaha认为我们可能面临着令人沮丧的成瘾的“下一个吸烟流行病”。

说，这可能会因e-cigs作为安全而变得更加复杂Leah Guttman, PsyD, New York City-based clinical psychologist, and founder of Washington Square Therapy, which specializes in emotional wellbeing for young adults.

“许多人认为电子卷烟根本不会带来健康风险，”她说。“他们也可能认为它没有上瘾。这使得戒烟更难，特别是如果你也转移到传统卷烟。”