海洛因成瘾的治疗选择

Quitting heroin可能是非常困难的，但对于那些有真诚欲望或动机的人来说，有各种各样的治疗方法是绝对可能的。这些包括行为疗法和药理治疗方法。

海洛因成瘾的不同治疗方法

Both approaches to treatment, behavioral and pharmacological, can be effective individually, but research has shown that integrating both types of treatment is most effective for some heroin users.

如果他们不仅帮助上瘾者变得戒断，而且取决于个人，还要恢复大脑功能和行为的程度，增加就业率，增加就业率，降低就业率，降低risk of HIV和其他疾病，减少犯罪行为。

Detoxification

通常，海洛因用户将通过一个解毒计划before beginning their long-term treatment program. During detoxification, patients are sometimes given medications to lessen thewithdrawal symptoms，这可能包括疼痛，腹泻，恶心和呕吐。

药理治疗

Medications which have been approved for the treatment of heroin addiction work through the same opioid receptors in the brain that heroin works on, but are safer.

These medications are divided into three types: agonist, which activate opioid receptors; partial agonist, which activate opioid receptors but produce a lesser response; and antagonists, which block the receptor and therefore the rewarding effects of opioids.

Medications that have been found to be effective for heroin treatment include:

美沙酮(Dolophine or Methadose) is an opioid agonist that is taken orally and is, therefore, slow-acting. It works by dampening the "high" that heroin users experience while at the same time preventing withdrawal symptoms.

通过批准的门诊治疗计划每天分配给患者的美沙酮。最古老的药理学治疗方法海洛因成瘾根据NIDA，它仍然是对其他药物不响应良好的患者的有效选择。

Buprenorphine.（Subutex）是一部分阿片类阿片激动剂。它通过削弱海洛因的渴望而没有阿片类药物的“高”或危险的副作用。

Suboxone是一种药物，含有丁丙诺啡和纳洛酮，其口服或舌下。它旨在防止患者尝试通过注射药物来获得高。如果注射了suboxone，它会产生戒断症状，​​如果他们在规定的情况下将药物妥善服用药物。

Buprenorphine.has been approved to be prescribed by certified physicians, making daily trips to a clinic unnecessary as required with methadone. This makes the treatment more accessible than methadone. Generic versions of Suboxone are also available, making it a less expensive option.

NALTREXONE.（Depade或Revia）是阿片类药物。它通过阻断大脑中阿片类药物的作用来制造。纳曲酮并没有上瘾，镇静，不会产生物理依赖。

One limit to the effectiveness of Naltrexone has been patient compliance, but a long-action, injectable version of the medication (Vivitrol) that can be administered once a month has improved patient compliance by eliminating daily doses.

行为疗法

有许多行为治疗可用于海洛因成瘾，已被Nida研究有效。它们可在住宅和门诊设置中提供。这些方法中的两个是应急管理和认知行为治疗。

In a contingency management program, patients typically earn points in a voucher-based system for each negative drug test. The vouchers can be exchanged for items that encourage a healthy lifestyle.

在认知行为治疗中，患者被教导应对应对的技能，并学会修改与吸毒相关的期望和行为。