远端风险因素症状和治疗

A distal risk factor is a risk factor that represents an underlying vulnerability for a particular condition or event. This does not predict that the condition or event will definitely happen or that it will happen any time soon, but rather that a person may be at risk for the condition at some time in the future.

例子

远端风险因素的一些例子包括贫困，持续虐待或创伤作为儿童，人格性状和遗传妆容。例如，如果您作为孩子的性虐待，您可能对某些心理障碍的远端风险因素，包括边缘性人格障碍（BPD）。

Borderline Personality Disorder

开发边界人格障碍时存在某些远端风险因素，包括：

• Genetics.如果你有一个一级相对的,that means a parent or sibling, with BPD or a similar disorder, your risk is higher.
• Personality.如果您倾向于侵略性和/或冲动，这可能会增加您对BPD的风险。
• 童年虐待或创伤。任何重要的儿童压力也会增加您开发BPD的风险。许多患者都说他们被虐待或被忽视为孩子。

Proximal vs. Distal Risk Factors

与远端风险因素相比，近端风险因素represent an immediate vulnerability for a particular condition or event.

近端风险因素的一些例子正在遭遇滥用，由于身体损害或伤害，学术或工作绩效以及压力的生活事件而难以实现困难。

所有这些风险因素，特别是在与远端危险因素结合时，可以导致BPD等条件的发展。

症状

症状and patterns of BPD typically begin in the teenage years, and sometimes in young adulthood. Symptoms may be different for different people, but can include:

• Unstable mood, including mood swings, that can last for hours or days
• 感到长期空虚
• Engaging in risky behaviors, such as shopping sprees or unprotected sex with multiple partners
• 自杀思想或尝试或故意伤害自己
• 愤怒问题，包括爆发和难以控制你的脾气
• Excessive fear of abandonment, whether real or imagined
• 与不断上下的其他人的紧张关系
• Actively and often changing the way you view yourself, including your values and goals, and potentially seeing yourself as bad or as if you don't even exist

如果您或亲人经历任何这些症状，请与您的医生预约进行评估。

治疗方法

If you're diagnosed with BPD, the most helpful tool in your treatment plan will be心理治疗。Specific types that have been shown to be particularly helpful for BPD aredialectical behavior therapy（DBT），schema-focused therapy那transference-focused psychotherapy（TFP）和mentalization-based therapy（MBT）。

患者前景

目前的研究表明，如果您已被诊断为BPD，您将未来的前景往往是积极的。在治疗的前几年和大多数患者随着时间的推移时，可能会如此衰弱的症状。此外，您的BPD越早被诊断和治疗，您的结果越有利，因此早期检测至关重要。