抑郁症如何影响你的身体

Depressants are drugs that inhibit the function of thecentral nervous system (CNS)并且是世界上使用最广泛的毒品之一。这些药物通过影响运作神经元in the CNS, which leads to symptoms such as drowsiness, relaxation, decreased inhibition, anesthesia, sleep, coma, and even death. Many抑郁症也有可能是令人上瘾的。

虽然CNS抑郁症患者所有人都分享了减少中枢神经系统中活动和较低的意识水平的能力brain，该药物课程中的物质存在显着差异。有些是比其他人更安全，有几个是常规规定药用目的。

抑郁症的类型

Drugs that are classed as depressants include:

• 乙醇
• Barbiturates
• Benzodiazepines

Ethyl Alcohol

酒精，也称为乙醇，是第二次使用的乙醇精神活性药物在世界（咖啡因是第一）。虽然酒精是法律药物，但它也具有很大的滥用潜力。

滥用药物和精神卫生服务管理局进行的2014年调查显示，美国近6100万人在12岁以上报告是狂欢的用户。万博手机客户端国家酒精虐待和酗酒研究所（NIAAA）定义binge drinking作为饮酒的模式，将血液醇浓度（BAC）带到0.08％或更高。另有1600万人超过12岁的人报告是沉重的酒精用户。

According to the American Psychiatric Association, approximately 50% of all assaults, homicides, and highway deaths involve alcohol.所有美国人的三分之一都涉及酒精。

Barbiturates

Barbituratessometimes referred to as downers, are a type of CNS depressant that causes euphoria and relaxation when taken in small doses. During the early half of the 1900s, barbiturates were viewed as a safe depressant, but problems with addiction and deadly overdoses soon became apparent.

Barbiturates have a dramatic impact on sleep patterns, resulting in suppressed REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. Because the potential for addiction and overdose is so high, barbiturates are no longer commonly used to treat anxiety and sleep problems.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepinesare a type of CNS depressant widely prescribed to treat anxiety and sleep disorders. In 1999, four different benzodiazepines were among the top 100 most prescribed drugs in the U.S.

Because of their low toxicity and high effectiveness, benzodiazepines have been popularly used as a short-term treatment for anxiety problems and insomnia. However, the potential for dependency makes them a less preferred long-term treatment for such things as广泛性焦虑症那post-traumatic stress disorders那and panic disorders.

苯二氮藻具有睡眠诱导，镇静，肌肉放松和抗惊厥作用。由于这些效果，苯并二氮卓已经用于治疗许多问题，包括睡眠困难，焦虑，过度搅动，肌肉痉挛和癫痫发作。

Uses

抑制剂通常用于缓解与许多不同疾病相关的症状，包括：

• Anxiety, including社交恐惧症那恐慌障碍那and general anxiety disorder
• 沮丧
• 失眠
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Seizures

抑郁症如何工作

Many CNS depressants work by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitter known as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Like otherneurotransmitters，GABA将消息从一个单元格携带到另一个小区。通过增加GABA活性的量，脑活动减少，导致松弛效果。这就是为什么抑制剂可能导致嗜睡的感觉。