The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), a yearly interview of 67,500 persons sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, provides the most accurate estimates of drug, alcohol, and烟草使用在美国人口一般。
根据2018年NSDUH调查结果,非法药物使用率增加,特别是由于近期大麻使用的趋势以及滥用处方型心理治疗药物的趋势。
2018年,NSDUH受访者报告了哪些药物,如果有的话,他们在采访前的30天内使用过。基于这些调查结果,政府估计:
- 31.9 million people aged 12 or older in the United States (11.7%) are "current users" of some kind of illicit drug.
- 刚刚超过50%的受访者使用了非法毒品或完成nonmedical use of prescription drugsin their lifetime.
2018年最受欢迎的虐待药物
In addition to past-month usage, the 2018 NSDUH also looked at how many people used drugs at any point in the prior year. By number of users aged 12 and older:
- Illicit drugs combined (53.2 million)
- 大麻(43.5 million)
- Misuse of prescription pain relievers (9.9 million)
- 滥用处方镇静剂和镇静剂(6.4百万)
- vallucinogens,包括狂喜(560万)
- 可卡因(550万)
- Misuse of prescription stimulants (5.1 million)
- Inhalants (2 million)
- 甲基苯丙胺(190万)
- 海洛因(808,000)
增加止痛药滥用
根据国家药物使用和健康调查(NSDUH),自2015年以来,使用非法药物的使用已经增加。但是,过去一个月使用处方型止痛药的使用量减少了3.6%的人口。
Of the 16.3 million who reported nonmedical use of at least one prescription drug, 9.9 million were using painkillers. However, these numbers are far higher than they were in 2002.
2002年,只有4.1%的人口占18至25岁的人口报告滥用止痛药,但2006年百分比跃升至4.9%。自2002年自2002年以来,镇静剂的非医疗利用也增加了同龄组的1.6%至2%。
大麻使用Driving the Increase
Overall, the use of illicit drugs in the U.S. increased from 20.4 million people in 2007 to 24.6 million in 2013. However, not all illicit drugs saw an increase.
- 可卡因:在2002年至2007年期间,可卡因的使用明显减少了2002年至2007年之间的240万用户,估计2015年的150万用户。
- 大麻:总体上涨主要归因于2007年2007年从1450万用户的大麻使用增加到2013年的1980万。
- meth:在早期下降后,甲基苯丙胺用途略有使用。2007年,估计有731,000人使用,但到2007年,该数量下降到353,000。到2013年,调查估计甲基用户数量为595,000。
NSDUH调查将所有大麻用作非法毒品使用,因为,在联邦法律下,大麻在整个美国是非法的。
首次吸毒者
根据Samhsa估计,2013年第一次使用280万人使用毒品,平均每天7,800名新用户。在那些新用户,54.1%未满18岁。
The most popular drug of choice for those new teenage users ismarijuana, followed by prescription painkillers and inhalants.
在哪里Are People Getting Drugs?
According to the NSDUH survey, those who used pain relievers nonmedically in the past 12 months got them from the following sources:
- 55.7% were given them for free by a relative or friend.
- 19.1%从一名医生上采购了他们。
- 3.9%从陌生人那里得到了他们。
- 0.1%在线购买它们。
据说他们从亲戚或朋友获得止痛药的人,80.7%表示,这些药物最初是从一名医生获得的。
非法吸毒和就业
The results of the survey indicated that most illegal drug users (13.4 million) are employed. However, only 8.8% of full-time employees are drug users.
其他NSDUH调查结果表明:
- 9.4% of part-time employees are drug users.
- 失业成年人,18.5%是非法吸毒者。
Declines in Underage Drinking/Drunk Driving
Surveys also suggest that some prevalence rates have declined in recent years. The 2013 NSDUH survey found that underage drinking has declined as has在影响下驾驶。
Underage drinking declined from 28.8% to 22.7% since 2002. Around 10.2 million people drive under the influence of drugs, but drunk driving dropped from 14.2% to 10.9%.
调查中的其他主要发现:
- 酒精依赖从7.7%下降到6.6%
- Binge drinkers included 30.2% of men and 16.0% of women
- Heavy drinkers included 9.5% of men and 3.3% of women
- 吸烟者在2002年的26%下降至21.3%
- Teen smokers dropped from 13% to 5.6%
If you or a loved one are struggling with substance use or addiction, contact theSubstance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National Helpline在1-800-662-4357for information on support and treatment facilities in your area.
For more mental health resources, see our国家助理数据库。